Operations with Numbers

In Python, various operators are used to perform mathematical operations on numbers. Here’s a breakdown of the common operators and their usage:

Key Concepts of Number Operations in Python

• Addition (+): Adds two numbers together and returns the sum.

  result = 5 + 3  # Output: 8
  

• Subtraction (-): Subtracts the second number from the first and returns the difference.

  result = 10 - 4  # Output: 6
  

• Multiplication (*): Multiplies two numbers and returns the product.

  result = 7 * 6  # Output: 42
  

• True Division (/): Divides the first number by the second, always returning a float.

  result = 9 / 4  # Output: 2.25
  

• Floor Division (//): Divides the first number by the second and returns the largest integer less than or equal to the result.

  result = 9 // 4  # Output: 2
  

• Exponentiation (**): Raises the first number to the power of the second number and returns the result.

  result = 3 ** 4  # Output: 81
  

• Modulo (%): Returns the remainder of the division of the first number by the second number.

  result = 10 % 3  # Output: 1
  

• Combination of Operations: Python supports combining multiple operations in a single expression, with standard precedence rules.

  result = (2 + 3) * (5 ** 2) / 4  # Output: 31.25
  

• Order of Operations: Python follows the standard order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS) where Parentheses/Brackets, Exponents/Orders, Multiplication and Division, and Addition and Subtraction are performed in that order.

  result = 3 + 2 * (8 / 4) ** 2  # Output: 11.0
  

• Type Conversion: Operations between different numeric types (e.g., integer and float) result in a float. Explicit type conversion can be performed using int(), float(), etc.

  int_result = int(7 / 3)  # Output: 2
  float_result = float(7 // 3)  # Output: 2.0